Malformative uropathies occupy the third rank of all congenital malformations. The mini-invasive surgery in pediatric urology has known a considerable expansion in the 10 last years.

Our objective was to introduce the mini-invasive surgery of the retroperitoneal space in the treatment of various renal pathology in children. It is a prospective, mono-centric descriptive study performed from the 1st January, 2012 to 30th October, 2017 at the pediatric urology service, in the specialized pediatrics hospital (EHS), Boukhroufa Abdelkader Canastel Oran.

Out of 132 renal pathologies, 72 children whose average age was 6,19 years, have been operated by mini-invasive surgery , consisted of 26 nephrectomies and 07 hemi-nephrectomies carried out by side retroperitoneoscopy approach described by El-Ghoneimiet and Al with 03 trocars ,40 pyo-ureteral junction desease (PUJD) including 36 cases processed by lumbo-assisted approach and 04 cases processed by laparo-assisted approach (transperitoneal), realized in the halves of the case with 02 trocars, the pyeloplasty carried out is that described by Kuss-Anderson and Hynes .

Conversion rate was 15% for the nephrectomy, however, it was increased in the hemi-nephrectomy (70%) and among the younger children. The size of the incision in the PUJD averaged was 2.68 cm. We gained in the operative time and this corresponds to our learning curve, it went from 190 minutes to 100 minutes.

The postoperative pain was reduced and the raising was early with resumption of the activity quickly, as for the duration of hospitalization the average stay was 4,5 days with extremes of 02 to 07 days.

The retroperitoneal approach of the treatment of various benign renal pathologies remain a promising avenue requires adequate equipment in order to be able to perform the interventions safely.

Key words: Retroperitoneoscopy, prospective, nephrectomy , PUJD.